Introduction to Forming

1. Metal forming is the process in which the desired size and shape of components are obtained through the plastic deformation of metals. 
2. The stresses induced in metal by applied forces during the forming process are greater then yield strength but less than the fracture strength of the metal.
3. Metal forming is more economical process and less wastage of material.
4. Some of the properties like elasticity, plasticity, hardness, strength and ductility plays an important role in metal forming process.
5. If the working temperature is higher than the re-crystallization temperature of the metal then the process is called hot forming otherwise cold forming.
6. During hot forming a large amount of plastic deformation can be imparted without significant strain hardening. In cold forming strength and hardness are increased due to strain hardening. 
7. Material failure in tension and compression failure plays a vital role in metal forming.
8. In forming stress-strain diagram for various cases need to understand.
9. The study of control of material properties are to be identified.
10. The special properties like creep,fatigue,bending,fracture and failure need to be understood clearly.
11. Factors affecting mechanical properties need to be stressed.
12. Selection of materials for forming process must be watched closely.
13. High level focus need to be given on yield strength and strain hardening.